Atmospheric Layers

Meteorologists divide the atmosphere into five layers based on temperature is, the troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere, and exosphere.a. TroposphereTroposphere is the layer of air at the bottom of the layers of the atmosphere, above Earth's surface. Have different thicknesses on each place. At the equator its thickness reaches 16 km, the area is 11 km in thickness, and in the polar region thickness of 8 km. In this layer formation process occurs weather phenomena such as clouds, rain, and wind. In this layer there is the content of oxygen and nitrogen are very much to the survival of creatures on earth. Between the troposphere and the stratosphere there is a transition layer called tropopouse.

b. StratosphericStratosphere is the layer of air in the upper tropospheric temperature show that small changes to the vertical direction. This layer is located at an altitude of 15-55 km. In this layer there with the greatest concentration of ozone lapiasan found at an altitude of 22 km. The ozone layer serves as a protector for the troposphere and the surface of the earth from the sun's ultraviolet radiation. Depletion of the ozone layer as happened today, could change the climate and can further affect life on the earth's surface. Between the stratosphere and mesosphere there is a layer called stratopouse.

c. MesosphereThis layer is located at an altitude of 50-80 km, the layer is partially meteors burned and decomposed, so it is not up to the surface of the earth. This layer serves to reflect radio waves and television (VHF and UHF), so that we can enjoy radio and television broadcasts. Between the mesosphere and the thermosphere mesopouse there is a layer.

d. ThermosphereThermosphere is the layer of air above the mesosphere with an altitude of about 80 km to the boundary between the atmosphere to outer space. In this layer the temperature reaches 1500 ° C. The layer the bottom of the thermosphere is called the ionosphere (altitudes between 80-450 km), on this layer ionization process occurs which causes the accumulation of protons and electrons.

e. ExosphereIn this layer the temperature can reach 2200 ° C. Is the boundary between Earth's atmosphere to outer space.

EARTH STRUCTURE (lithosphere)

The word lithosphere derived from the Greek meaning Lithos rock, and sphera means lithosphere layer is a layer of earth's outer crust and consists of rocks with an average thickness of 1200 km. The definition of hard rock is not the only objects that form stones in their daily lives, but also in the form of land clay, volcanic ash, sand, gravel and so forth. Thick skin of uneven earth, the earth's crust in the continent or mainland more than thick under the oceans. According to the composition (type of material), the Earth is composed of layers  namely:
a. Lithosphere
the outermost layer which lies above a layer with a thickness of 1200km between the average specific gravity of 2.8 gram/cm3. The main chemical elements forming the lithosphere are: Oxygen (O) (46.6%), Silicon (Si) (27.7%), Aluminum (Al) (8.1%), Iron (Fe) (5.0 %), Calcium (Ca) (3.6%), Sodium (Na) (2.8%), Potassium (K) (2.6%), Magnesium (Mg) (2.1%). Lithosphere temperature increases with depth. In the limit of touching digit bottoming crustal temperatures 200-400 ° C

b. Intermediate layer (the mantle)
namely that there is a layer on top of nife 1700 km thick. This layer is called the asthenosphere mautle / mautel), a high temperature molten material and tungsten. 5 gr/cm3 its density. Earth's mantle is a rock that contains magnesium and silicon. Upper mantle temperatures at 1300 0C-1500 0C and coat the inside temperature at 1500 0C-3000 0C

c. Barisfer
the core layer of the earth which is a solid material composed of layers of nife (ferum niccolum = nickel and iron) fingers barisfer ± 3470 km.

BALI INDONESIA

Geographically, the Province of Bali is located at 8 ° 3'40 "- 8 ° 50'48" south latitude and 114 ° 25'53 "- 115 ° 42'40" East Longitude. Relief and topography of the island of Bali in the middle of mountains stretching lengthwise from west to east. The total area of ​​the Province of Bali is part of the Sunda Land with 5634.40 ha to reach 529 km long beach.
Province of Bali lies between Java and Lombok Island. Physical limits are as follows:

     North: Bali Sea
     East Lombok Strait (West Nusa Tenggara province)
     Southern: Ocean Indonesia
     West: Bali Strait (East Java)

Administratively, the Province of Bali is divided into eight districts and one city, namely Jembrana, Tabanan, Badung, Gianyar, Karangasem, Klungkung, Bangli, Buleleng, and the city of Denpasar which is also the provincial capital. In addition to the island of Bali Province is also made ​​up of other small islands, namely the island of Nusa Penida, Nusa Lembongan, and Nusa Ceningan Klungkung region, the island of attacks in the city of Denpasar, and Menjangan Island in Buleleng district.

Sedimentary rocks

Rocks are formed from loose material deposition process (fragment) results reshuffle / weathering of other rock transported from the place of origin by water, ice or wind, which then undergo a process diagenesa / pembatuan (compaction and adhesion). The types of sedimentary rocks are:

                                    Based on the type of substance carriers

Stone sediman Aeolis: rock the process of transport by wind

Stone sediman alluvial: rock the transport process and the formation by running water. Example:delta at the mouth of the river

Stone sediman yesterday: rock the transport process and is formed by sea water. Example: sand-dune on the beach

Stone sediman glacial: rock the transport process and the formation by glaciers or ice which flows

                        Based on origin

Sedimentary rock clastic / mechanical = yg deposited rocks from the rock rombakan origin, eg, conglomerate, breccia, sandstone, shale, marl, mudstone

an organic sedimentary rock = rock derived from the sediment organic material (animal & plant), eg limestone, coal, stone peat, diatomite 
Sedimentary rock = chemical sedimentary rocks due to chemical processes, for example: evaporit, travertin, anhydrite, halite, gypsum stone

Sedimentary rock deposits of pyroclastic rocks = volcano eruption of ash / dust, for example: tuff